What does an indictment represent?

An indictment represents a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime, which is a key element of criminal law. It is typically issued by a grand jury, which evaluates whether there is enough evidence to proceed with criminal prosecution. The process involves reviewing evidence and witness testimonies, culminating in the grand jury's decision on whether to formally accuse an individual of committing a crime.

This is significant as it marks the transition from investigation to prosecution, indicating that the legal system believes there is sufficient cause to bring the accused to trial. The indictment initiates legal proceedings, allowing the accused to prepare for their defense against the state's charges. Thus, it serves a critical role in ensuring that serious criminal cases are brought to trial when backed by adequate evidence.