Which amendment provides protection against self-incrimination?

The Fifth Amendment provides protection against self-incrimination as part of the rights afforded to individuals in criminal proceedings. This amendment states that no person "shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself," which means individuals have the right to refuse to answer questions or make statements that could potentially incriminate themselves. This principle is crucial in ensuring a fair legal process, allowing individuals to defend themselves without the fear of providing evidence that could lead to their own conviction.

The First Amendment, although fundamental, focuses on rights related to freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition rather than self-incrimination. The Fourth Amendment deals with protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, primarily concerning the privacy of individuals and their property. The Sixth Amendment guarantees rights related to criminal prosecutions, such as the right to a fair trial, legal counsel, and to confront witnesses, but it does not specifically address self-incrimination. Thus, the Fifth Amendment is the correct choice for providing this specific protection.